1,340 research outputs found
Towards a Neo-Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
The Copenhagen interpretation is critically considered. A number of
ambiguities, inconsistencies and confusions are discussed. It is argued that it
is possible to purge the interpretation so as to obtain a consistent and
reasonable way to interpret the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics,
which is in agreement with the way this theory is dealt with in experimental
practice. In particular, the essential role attributed by the Copenhagen
interpretation to measurement is acknowledged. For this reason it is proposed
to refer to it as a neo-Copenhagen interpretation
Preparation and measurement: two independent sources of uncertainty in quantum mechanics
In the Copenhagen interpretation the Heisenberg uncertainty relation is
interpreted as the mathematical expression of the concept of complementarity,
quantifying the mutual disturbance necessarily taking place in a simultaneous
or joint measurement of incompatible observables. This interpretation has
already been criticized by Ballentine a long time ago, and has recently been
challenged in an experimental way. These criticisms can be substantiated by
using the generalized formalism of positive operator-valued measures, from
which a new inequality can be derived, precisely illustrating the Copenhagen
concept of complementarity. The different roles of preparation and measurement
in creating uncertainty in quantum mechanics are discussed.Comment: latex, 18 pages, 4 eps figure
Interpretations of quantum mechanics, and interpretations of violation of Bell's inequality
The discussion of the foundations of quantum mechanics is complicated by the
fact that a number of different issues are closely entangled. Three of these
issues are i) the interpretation of probability, ii) the choice between realist
and empiricist interpretations of the mathematical formalism of quantum
mechanics, iii) the distinction between measurement and preparation. It will be
demonstrated that an interpretation of violation of Bell's inequality by
quantum mechanics as evidence of non-locality of the quantum world is a
consequence of a particular choice between these alternatives. Also a
distinction must be drawn between two forms of realism, viz. a) realist
interpretations of quantum mechanics, b) the possibility of hidden-variables
(sub-quantum) theories.Comment: LATeX, 20 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the
International Conference on Foundations of Probability and Physics, Vaxjo, 27
Nov. -1 Dec. 200
Genitofemoral neuralgia : adding to the burden of chronic vulvar pain
The vulva is a particularly common locus of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics that occurs in women of any age, though most women with neuropathic type chronic vulvar pain will remain undiagnosed even following multiple physician visits. Here, we report on an exemplary case of a middle-aged woman who was referred to the Vulvovaginal Disease Clinic with debilitating vulvar burning and itching over the right labium majus that had been persisting for 2 years and was considered intractable. Careful history taking and clinical examination, followed by electrophysiological assessment through somatosensory evoked potentials was consistent with genitofemoral neuralgia, for which no obvious cause could be identified. Adequate pain relief was obtained with a serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor and topical gabapentin cream. We briefly discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of genitofemoral neuralgia and provide a series of clues to guide clinicians in obtaining a presumptive diagnosis of specific neuropathic pain syndromes that may underlie chronic vulvar pain. We further aim to draw attention to the tremendous burden of chronic, unrecognized vulvar pain
Een goddelijk beroep : Spiritualiteit in de beroepspraktijk van leraren in het orthodox-protestantse basisonderwijs
Miedema, S. [Promotor]Bakker, C. [Promotor]Smaling, A. [Promotor
Non-Kolmogorov probability models and modified Bell's inequality
We analyse the proof of Bell's inequality and demonstrate that this
inequality is related to one particular model of probability theory, namely
Kolmogorov measure-theoretical axiomatics, 1933. We found a (numerical)
statistical correction to Bell's inequality. Such an additional term in the
right hand side of Bell's inequality can be considered as a probability
invariant of a quantum state. This is a measure of nonreproducibility of hidden
variables in different runs of experiments. Experiments to verify Bell's
inequality can be considered as just experiments to estimate this constant. It
seems that Bell's inequality could not be used as a crucial reason to deny
local realism. We consider deterministic as well as stochastic hidden variables
models
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